博彩平台养
古老的蝙蝠
This is the largest of all Adirondack bats. 的 soft, silky fur is long, longest on the neck where it forms a ruff. In color, the fur is dark mahogany to yellowish brown. 的 short, rounded ears are tan with black edges. 的 throat is yellowish to tan. Wrist 和 shoulder patches are whitish. 的 unfurred parts of the tail 和 wing membranes 是棕黑色的. Total length is 130-150 mm (5.1-5.9 in). Adults weigh 25-45 g (0.9-1.6 oz), 和 females are slightly larger than males. 的 wings are long, narrow, pointed, 和 when extended, span 37-42 cm (14.6-16.5 in).
(Lasiurus cinereus P. de Beauvois)
来自: 桑德斯,D. A. 1988. Adirondack 哺乳动物. State University of New York, College of Environmental Science 和林业. 216pp
顺序: 翼手目
家庭: 蝙蝠科
范围及生境
This foliage dwelling species has the largest range of any North American bat, 和 occurs in the tree line of Canada to Guatemala, in South America, 和 Hawaii. 的 hoary bat is a summer resident to the Adirondacks, probably occurring throughout the park, but its relative abundance 和 distribution are not well 已知的. 梅里厄姆,谁 spent an entire summer collecting bats in or near the western border of the Adirondacks in 1883, taking 19 hoary bats during this period, did not consider the species rare. He also mentioned the presence of this species in the interior of the Adirondacks as well (p 176-181). Today, the species is uncommon to rare throughout the Northeast.
Food 和 Feeding Behavior: Hoary bats leave their roosts to forage 1-5 hours after sunset, feeding closer to sunset early 和 late in the summer. Little is 已知的 about their foraging behavior 和饮食. 他们 feed over water 和 around trees, especially forest openings. 他们 frequently eat large moths, but also take other insects such as grasshoppers, wasps, mosquitoes, dragonflies, 和 beetles. 的re are two observations of hoary bats attacking eastern pipistrelles, but it is not 已知的 is they regularly prey upon smaller species 蝙蝠的.
Activity 和 Movement
的 flight of the hoary bat is more linear, 和 less erratic than that of many bats, averaging 14-21 km/hr (9-13 mph), but sometimes much faster. This swift, direct flight, which is similar to the red bat’s, may explain why only these two species occasionally become impaled on barbed wire. Hoary bats roost in the foliage of deciduous 和 coniferous trees 3-5 m (10-16 ft) above the ground. Perches are open from below but otherwise surrounded by dense foliage. During the day, when individuals hang from a twig or leaf petiole by their hind feet, they resemble lichen-covered bark. 这种迁徙 species leaves the region in September 和 October, returning in May 和 June.
繁殖
While no longer completely true, more then 100 years after Merriam’s comment, “nothing whatever appears to be 已知的 of the breeding habits of the hoary bat,” (p. 179) is still little information about the reproductive biology of this widespread species. 的 sexes tend to occupy different parts of the range during the summer months, 和 therefore, mating probably occurs during the 秋天 migration, 和 perhaps during the winter, but no one has witnessed mating, not is the length of the gestation period 已知的. Females bear two (range 1-4) young in June or early July, each weighing 5 g (0.2 oz). 的 newborns are partially furred, 和 blind at birth, their eyes not opening until 12 days of age. 的 young begin to fly at 30-33 days of age, 和 are independent 后不久.
捕食者
的re is a single observation of an American kestrel preying upon the hoary bat.
社会行为
- 社会制度 - This normally solitary bat may migrate in flocks of a few to several hundred during 秋天.
- 沟通 - - - - - -未知. Adults may chatter while flying, 和 if disturbed when roosting, bare their teeth while producing loud rasping sounds.
Additional References
黑色,H. L. 1972. Differential exploitation of moths by the bats, Eptesicus fuscus 和 Lasiurus cinereus. Journal of Mammalogy, 53:598-601.
出身低微的人,米. A. 1972. Observations of parturition 和 development in the hoary bat, Lasiurus cinereus. Journal of Mammalogy, 53:611-614.
Shump K. A., Jr. 和一个. V. Shump. 1982. Lasiurus cinereus. Mammalian Species, 185:1-5.